Maria Carolina of Austria: Maria Carolina of Austria (;; 13 August 1752 ? [1] The second Maria Carolina also died in infancy. For her sister, Queen of Naples, see, Maria Carolina of Austria (stillborn 1748), Louis Rudolph, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archduchess_Maria_Carolina_of_Austria_(stillborn_1748)&oldid=1016714249, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 8 April 2021, at 17:49. Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Carolina Louise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. In 1805 Maria Carolina once more engaged Naples in a war with France, calling the British and Russian fleets to her aid, but the French again occupied the kingdom, forcing the royal family to flee to Sicily (January 1806). Nov 20, 2019 - Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples Giclee Print by Anton Raphael Mengs. Author information: … Maria Carolina of Austria – Victim of smallpox. The mural shows her four daughters who died in childhood, crowned with floral wreathes and sitting on clouds: in the foreground is Johanna Gabriele, who died in 1762 from smallpox at the age of twelve, behind her Maria Elisabeth (the firstborn) at the age of three years, then Maria Carolina, who died shortly after her first birthday, and in the far background, only visible as a shadowy putto (cherub), the second Maria Carolina, who did not live an hour.[3]. Her godfather was King Louis XV of France and she was said to look the most like her mother who was a … 8 September 1814) was Queen consort and "de facto" ruler of Naples from 1768 to 1799 and from 1799 to 1806, and of Sicily from 1768 until her death in 1814, though she had lost the "de facto" power in 1812. Tanucci, who attempted to thwart her, was dismissed in 1777. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The baby´s body was placed in the Summer Room in Schönbrunn Palace (like other newborn children), so that the members of the court might assure themselves that she was a normal child and not malformed, but was not formally displayed. To quote: Particularly after the birth of her son Francis she became extremely influential in Naples and ran the place to large extent. 100% satisfaction guaranteed. The name Maria Carolina who given again in 1752 to Maria Theresa´s thirteenth child. Source for information on Maria Carolina (1752–1814): Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia dictionary. She soon brought about the downfall of the liberal minister Bernardo Tanucci and changed the court’s pro-Spanish policy to a pro-British one. Name variations: Maria of Austria; Marie Caroline; Mary Carolina or Mary Caroline; Maria Karolina. Computed Name Heading She held the real power in Naples, and, under the influence of her favourite, Sir John Acton, 6th Baronet, who was reputed to be her lover, she adopted a pro-British, anti-French policy. In 1748, she commissioned the painter Martin van Meytens to paint the three daughters who had died in infancy. Unfortunately, even the best medicine that money could buy didn't get you much in Vienna in 1750—maybe a better brand of leech; thus, of her brood, five died in infancy or childhood. ‘Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria’ was created in c.1782 by Angelica Kauffman in Neoclassicism style. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maria-Carolina, Best of Sicily Magazine - Biography of Maria Carolina. Maria Carolina The empress of Austria, Maria Theresa (1717-1780), did that very well. By a clause in the marriage contract, she entered the council of state, the kingdom’s ruling body, when she had given birth to a male heir (1777). From overcoming oppression, to breaking rules, to reimagining the world or waging a rebellion, these women of history have a story to tell. She was born Archduchess Maria Carolina in Vienna, the thirteenth child of the prolific power couple Holy Roman Emperor Francis I and Empress Maria Theresa of Austria. Maria Carolina of Austria (* 13.8.1752, O 7.4.1768, † 8.9.1814) O King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies (* 12.1.1751, O 7.4.1768, † 4.1.1825) Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily, Holy Roman Empress Consort (* 6.6.1772, O 15.9.1790, † 13.4.1807) ‘Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria’ was created in 1791 by Louise Elisabeth Vigee Le Brun in Rococo style. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Genealogy profile for Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria. The baby was buried in the Imperial Crypt. Find more prominent pieces of portrait at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. So the incredible digs were left for his son, Ferdinand (1751-1825), and his wife, Maria Carolina of Austria (1752-1814), to finish. Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. Put faces to the names of your loved ones at AncientFaces. The Englishman Sir John Acton, who in 1779 was appointed director of marine, won Maria Carolina's favour by supporting her scheme to free Naples from Spanish influence, securing rapprochement with Austria and Great Britain. She kept an eye on being a help to Austria but she was also much taken with the fashionable trend of the liberalism of the “Enlightenment”. Her full name … She returned to Austria, where she died three years later. Find more prominent pieces of portrait at Wikiart.org – best visual art database. Di Giacomo C(1), Trimarchi F(2), Bartalena L(3). She held the real power in Naples, and, under the influence of her favourite, Sir John Acton, 6th Baronet, who was reputed to … She was the only woman … Maria was born with feet first and was described as a weak baby and sadly perished just after her birth on September 17, 1748 without being baptized. She was a namesake of her elder sisters — Maria Carolina, who died two weeks after her first birthday, and Maria Carolina, who died several hours after being baptised —, but she wa… OnThisDay in 1780 Luise of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel died. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. After the overthrow of the republic (June 1799), the king and queen returned to Naples, where a massacre of the republic’s partisans, in violation of the peace agreement, took place, for which the royal couple must bear at least partial responsibility. Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples and Sicily: a possible case of Graves' orbitopathy. 36128668, citing Kapuzinergruft, Vienna, Wien Stadt, Vienna (Wien), Austria ; Maintained by laura (contributor 47120536) . See also category: Portrait paintings of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. This article is about the stillborn infant. Born on 17 September 1748, Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria was born to Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress and Francis of Lorraine. On 6 January 1742, she married Prince Augustus William of Prussia and they had four children, though not all lived to adulthood. She finally quarreled with the British ambassador, Lord George Bentinck, who persuaded Ferdinand to exile her from the island (1811). Maria Carolina (1752–1814)Queen-consort of Ferdinand I, king of Naples and Sicily, who exercised the real power behind the throne . Particularly traumatic was the fact that she died during the birth, necessitating an emergency baptism. Maria Carolina of Austria is similar to these royalties: Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies, Princess Maria Isabella of Naples and Sicily, Prince Alberto of Naples and Sicily and more. Maria Carolina appears in the centre of the picture, flanked by her namesake and the eldest daughter Maria Elisabeth. Naples joined the second coalition against France, but Maria Carolina and Ferdinand had to flee before the French (December 1798), who seized Naples, making it the Parthenopean Republic. Mar 14, 2021 - Portrait of Maria Carolina of Austria, Queen of Naples Giclee Print by Anton Raphael Mengs. Find art you love and shop high-quality art prints, photographs, framed artworks and posters at Art.com. Maria Carolina, (born Aug. 13, 1752, Vienna [Austria]—died Sept. 8, 1814, Vienna), queen of Naples and wife of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia von Österreich (Habsburg-Lothringen), Regina Consorte di Napoli: Also Known As: "Marie Caroline of Austria" Birthdate: August 13, 1752: Birthplace: Schloss Schönbrunn, Wien, Österreich, Deutschland(HRR) Death: September 08, 1814 (62) Schloss Hetzendorf,, Wien, Österreich (Austria) Place of Burial: She had 16 children. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. It was considered of the utmost importance that the child be baptized while still living, since according to traditional Catholic belief unbaptized infants would spend eternity in limbo. She had an older sister with the same name who … Maria Theresa (1717-1780), archduchess of Austria, Holy Roman Empress, and queen of Hungary and Bohemia, began her rule in 1740. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. She was bor... n in 1722 as the daughter of Ferdinand Albert II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and his wife Antoinette of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Meet extraordinary women who dared to bring gender equality and other issues to the forefront. She is said to have encouraged plundering in Calabria by Cardinal Ruffo’s army of brigands, whose former leader, Fra Diavolo, had received a pension and an estate from her. She was the second child of the couple to be named Maria Carolina. [2], Maria Theresa continued to treasure the memory of her tenth child. As de facto ruler of her husband's kingdoms, Maria Carolina oversaw the promulgation of many reforms, including the revocation of the ban on Freemasonry, the enlargement of the navy under her favourite, John Acton, 6th Baronet, and the expulsion of Spanish influence. Influenced mainly by Acton and possibly by the execution of her sister Marie Antoinette by the French, she took Naples into the first Austro-British coalition against the French Revolution and sent Neapolitan warships to join the British fleet near Toulon (1793). The baby failed to turn in the womb and so presented feet first for birth. Genealogy for Marie Caroline Ernstine Antonie Johanna Josephe Habsburg-Lothringen, Prinzessin (1740 - 1741) family tree on Geni, with over 200 million profiles of ancestors and living relatives. The Mad Monarchist has a very interesting post about Maria Carolina of Austria, Marie Antoinette’s favourite sister. Maria Carolina of Austria, 1752-1814, Queen Consort of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. 100% satisfaction guaranteed. Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com: accessed ), memorial page for Maria Carolina of Habsburg (13 Aug 1752–8 Sep 1814), Find a Grave Memorial no. He became practically and afterward actually prime minister. Maria Theresa´s physician Gerard van Swieten assured her that the infant was still living when baptized, but many at court doubted this. Omissions? Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! She was the third daughter to carry this name, as two elder sisters with the same name died in infancy. Maria Carolina of Austria was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, (born and died 17 September 1748) was the tenth child and the seventh daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. Updates? Maria Carolina of Austria and other family and vintage photos from the past. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. As it became evident that the child would not survive, the surrounding women began weeping and the sacrament on the altar was hurriedly prepared for worship. Maria Carolina, (born Aug. 13, 1752, Vienna [Austria]—died Sept. 8, 1814, Vienna), queen of Naples and wife of King Ferdinand IV of Naples. She was born an Austrian archduchess and was a sister of Queen Marie Antoinette of France. Archduchess Maria Carolina of Austria, (born and died 17 September 1748) was the tenth child and the seventh daughter of Empress Maria Theresa and Holy Roman Emperor Francis I. Maria Carolina was the second of the children of Maria Theresa to bear the name: her elder sister with the same name had died in 1741 at the age of one year old. Maria Carolina of Austria was born on 13 August 1752 as the daughter of Empress Maria Theresa of Austria and Francis of Lorraine. The daughter of the empress Maria Theresa of Austria, Maria Carolina married in 1768 Ferdinand IV, who allowed her to assume much of the power in the kingdom. Maria Carolina of Austria (1752-1814), Queen consort of Naples and Sicily. If sibling rivalry existed, Maria Carolina should … After the sudden death in 1765 of Maria Theresa´s husband Francis I, she commissioned from Franz Anton Maulbertsch a mural in the "Giant Hall" of the Hofburg in Innsbruck. Maria Carolina of Austria (Maria Karolina Luise Josepha Johanna Antonia; 13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen of Naples and Sicily as the wife of King Ferdinand IV & III. English: Maria Carolina of Austria (13 August 1752 – 8 September 1814) was Queen consort and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Naples from 1768 to 1799 and from 1799 to 1806, and of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1768 until her death in 1814, though she had lost the de facto power in 1812. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The War of the Third Coalition brought Austria to the brink of ruin, increasing Marie-Louise’s resentment towards Napoleon. The third Maria Carolina became queen of Naples and Sicily. Corrections? Born on 13 August 1752 at the Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna, Maria Carolina was the thirteenth and sixth surviving child of Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia and ruler of the Habsburg dominions, and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. Find art you love and shop high-quality art prints, photographs, framed artworks and posters at Art.com. 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